Habitat diversity, ecological requirements of species and the Small Island Effect
Identifieur interne : 000096 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000095; suivant : 000097Habitat diversity, ecological requirements of species and the Small Island Effect
Auteurs : Spyros Sfenthourakis [Grèce] ; Kostas A. Triantis [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- Diversity and Distributions [ 1366-9516 ] ; 2009-01.
Descripteurs français
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Aegean archipelago, Aegean islands, Agia kyriaki, Agios andreas, Altitude, Animal biology, Archipelago, Area range, Area values, Argano, Armadillidium ameglioi, Armadillo tuberculatus, Astypalaia, Authors diversity, Biogeography, Blackwell publishing, Causal factors, Central aegean islands, Certain habitat types, Conservation efforts, Core group, Crete, Crucial factor, Cumulative ratio, Cumulative ratios, Dahlak archipelago, Demographic stochasticity, Different size, Direct effects, Diversity, Ecological, Ecological requirements, Ecology, Endogean species, Environmental heterogeneity, Equilibrium theory, Evvoia, Extinction rates, Freshwater habitats, Freshwater lens, General pattern, Generalist, Generalist species, Generalists ratios, Gentile argano, Global ecology, Habitat, Habitat diversity, Habitat requirements, Habitat specialists, Habitat type group, Habitat type groups, Habitat types, Halophilous species, Herbaceous plants, Incidence functions, Island area, Island areas, Island biogeography, Island size, Isopod, Isopod diversity, Isopod diversity table, Isopod fauna, Journal compilation, Kalymnos, Kapingamarangi atoll, Keystone, Keystone structures, Large islands, Larger islands, Larger populations, Linear regressions, Lomolino, Lomolino weiser, Macarthur wilson, Minimum area, Minimum area requirements, Minimum island area, Mylonas, Other factors, Overall data, Overall ratio, Path analysis, Population size, Present analysis, Present data, Present work, Respective area, Ricklefs lovette, Rocky outcrops, Rocky shores, Sfenthourakis, Small island communities, Small island effect, Small islands, Smaller islands, Specialist, Specialist species, Species occurrences, Species richness, Strong correlation, Taxon, Terrestrial isopods, Total numbers, Triantis, Triantis mylonas, Upper limit, Upper limits, Weiser, Whitehead jones, Wide range, Wider range.
- Teeft :
- Aegean archipelago, Aegean islands, Agia kyriaki, Agios andreas, Altitude, Animal biology, Archipelago, Area range, Area values, Argano, Armadillidium ameglioi, Armadillo tuberculatus, Astypalaia, Authors diversity, Biogeography, Blackwell publishing, Causal factors, Central aegean islands, Certain habitat types, Conservation efforts, Core group, Crete, Crucial factor, Cumulative ratio, Cumulative ratios, Dahlak archipelago, Demographic stochasticity, Different size, Direct effects, Diversity, Ecological, Ecological requirements, Ecology, Endogean species, Environmental heterogeneity, Equilibrium theory, Evvoia, Extinction rates, Freshwater habitats, Freshwater lens, General pattern, Generalist, Generalist species, Generalists ratios, Gentile argano, Global ecology, Habitat, Habitat diversity, Habitat requirements, Habitat specialists, Habitat type group, Habitat type groups, Habitat types, Halophilous species, Herbaceous plants, Incidence functions, Island area, Island areas, Island biogeography, Island size, Isopod, Isopod diversity, Isopod diversity table, Isopod fauna, Journal compilation, Kalymnos, Kapingamarangi atoll, Keystone, Keystone structures, Large islands, Larger islands, Larger populations, Linear regressions, Lomolino, Lomolino weiser, Macarthur wilson, Minimum area, Minimum area requirements, Minimum island area, Mylonas, Other factors, Overall data, Overall ratio, Path analysis, Population size, Present analysis, Present data, Present work, Respective area, Ricklefs lovette, Rocky outcrops, Rocky shores, Sfenthourakis, Small island communities, Small island effect, Small islands, Smaller islands, Specialist, Specialist species, Species occurrences, Species richness, Strong correlation, Taxon, Terrestrial isopods, Total numbers, Triantis, Triantis mylonas, Upper limit, Upper limits, Weiser, Whitehead jones, Wide range, Wider range.
Abstract
Aim To explore the causal factors leading to a significant Small Island Effect (SIE), that is, the absence of the commonly found species–area relationships below an island size, on the terrestrial isopod communities from a large number of islands.
Location Ninety islands of the Aegean Sea (Greece).
Methods The detection of a significant SIE is assessed through the application of all three methods available in the literature. Species are divided into generalists and specialists. We tested if the minimum area and the area range of each species’ occurrences differ between generalists and specialists. Next, we searched for differences in the ratios of specialists to generalists above and below the SIE threshold, and tested their cumulative ratios when islands are arranged according to increasing area, altitude or habitat diversity in order to identify the threshold where they become statistically indistinguishable from the ratio of the total set of islands.
Results Our results indicate a strong effect of habitat availability on the SIE. Communities of islands within the SIE range, host a higher percentage of generalists. An analysis of the specific habitat requirements shows that, for isopods, the crucial factor is the lack of habitats related to inland waters from small islands.
Main conclusions The distribution of habitats on islands of different size is of major importance for the occurrence of a SIE. The relative representation of specialist and generalist species on islands of different size plays an important role in shaping SIE‐related patterns. Conservation efforts should pay special attention on freshwater habitats, especially on small Aegean islands. Identifying the causal factors of SIE, combined with a thorough knowledge of the ecological requirements of species can offer insights into identifying habitat types and groups of species that are more vulnerable to alterations of the environment.
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2008.00526.x
Affiliations:
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Aegean archipelago</term>
<term>Aegean islands</term>
<term>Agia kyriaki</term>
<term>Agios andreas</term>
<term>Altitude</term>
<term>Animal biology</term>
<term>Archipelago</term>
<term>Area range</term>
<term>Area values</term>
<term>Argano</term>
<term>Armadillidium ameglioi</term>
<term>Armadillo tuberculatus</term>
<term>Astypalaia</term>
<term>Authors diversity</term>
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<term>Blackwell publishing</term>
<term>Causal factors</term>
<term>Central aegean islands</term>
<term>Certain habitat types</term>
<term>Conservation efforts</term>
<term>Core group</term>
<term>Crete</term>
<term>Crucial factor</term>
<term>Cumulative ratio</term>
<term>Cumulative ratios</term>
<term>Dahlak archipelago</term>
<term>Demographic stochasticity</term>
<term>Different size</term>
<term>Direct effects</term>
<term>Diversity</term>
<term>Ecological</term>
<term>Ecological requirements</term>
<term>Ecology</term>
<term>Endogean species</term>
<term>Environmental heterogeneity</term>
<term>Equilibrium theory</term>
<term>Evvoia</term>
<term>Extinction rates</term>
<term>Freshwater habitats</term>
<term>Freshwater lens</term>
<term>General pattern</term>
<term>Generalist</term>
<term>Generalist species</term>
<term>Generalists ratios</term>
<term>Gentile argano</term>
<term>Global ecology</term>
<term>Habitat</term>
<term>Habitat diversity</term>
<term>Habitat requirements</term>
<term>Habitat specialists</term>
<term>Habitat type group</term>
<term>Habitat type groups</term>
<term>Habitat types</term>
<term>Halophilous species</term>
<term>Herbaceous plants</term>
<term>Incidence functions</term>
<term>Island area</term>
<term>Island areas</term>
<term>Island biogeography</term>
<term>Island size</term>
<term>Isopod</term>
<term>Isopod diversity</term>
<term>Isopod diversity table</term>
<term>Isopod fauna</term>
<term>Journal compilation</term>
<term>Kalymnos</term>
<term>Kapingamarangi atoll</term>
<term>Keystone</term>
<term>Keystone structures</term>
<term>Large islands</term>
<term>Larger islands</term>
<term>Larger populations</term>
<term>Linear regressions</term>
<term>Lomolino</term>
<term>Lomolino weiser</term>
<term>Macarthur wilson</term>
<term>Minimum area</term>
<term>Minimum area requirements</term>
<term>Minimum island area</term>
<term>Mylonas</term>
<term>Other factors</term>
<term>Overall data</term>
<term>Overall ratio</term>
<term>Path analysis</term>
<term>Population size</term>
<term>Present analysis</term>
<term>Present data</term>
<term>Present work</term>
<term>Respective area</term>
<term>Ricklefs lovette</term>
<term>Rocky outcrops</term>
<term>Rocky shores</term>
<term>Sfenthourakis</term>
<term>Small island communities</term>
<term>Small island effect</term>
<term>Small islands</term>
<term>Smaller islands</term>
<term>Specialist</term>
<term>Specialist species</term>
<term>Species occurrences</term>
<term>Species richness</term>
<term>Strong correlation</term>
<term>Taxon</term>
<term>Terrestrial isopods</term>
<term>Total numbers</term>
<term>Triantis</term>
<term>Triantis mylonas</term>
<term>Upper limit</term>
<term>Upper limits</term>
<term>Weiser</term>
<term>Whitehead jones</term>
<term>Wide range</term>
<term>Wider range</term>
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<keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Aegean archipelago</term>
<term>Aegean islands</term>
<term>Agia kyriaki</term>
<term>Agios andreas</term>
<term>Altitude</term>
<term>Animal biology</term>
<term>Archipelago</term>
<term>Area range</term>
<term>Area values</term>
<term>Argano</term>
<term>Armadillidium ameglioi</term>
<term>Armadillo tuberculatus</term>
<term>Astypalaia</term>
<term>Authors diversity</term>
<term>Biogeography</term>
<term>Blackwell publishing</term>
<term>Causal factors</term>
<term>Central aegean islands</term>
<term>Certain habitat types</term>
<term>Conservation efforts</term>
<term>Core group</term>
<term>Crete</term>
<term>Crucial factor</term>
<term>Cumulative ratio</term>
<term>Cumulative ratios</term>
<term>Dahlak archipelago</term>
<term>Demographic stochasticity</term>
<term>Different size</term>
<term>Direct effects</term>
<term>Diversity</term>
<term>Ecological</term>
<term>Ecological requirements</term>
<term>Ecology</term>
<term>Endogean species</term>
<term>Environmental heterogeneity</term>
<term>Equilibrium theory</term>
<term>Evvoia</term>
<term>Extinction rates</term>
<term>Freshwater habitats</term>
<term>Freshwater lens</term>
<term>General pattern</term>
<term>Generalist</term>
<term>Generalist species</term>
<term>Generalists ratios</term>
<term>Gentile argano</term>
<term>Global ecology</term>
<term>Habitat</term>
<term>Habitat diversity</term>
<term>Habitat requirements</term>
<term>Habitat specialists</term>
<term>Habitat type group</term>
<term>Habitat type groups</term>
<term>Habitat types</term>
<term>Halophilous species</term>
<term>Herbaceous plants</term>
<term>Incidence functions</term>
<term>Island area</term>
<term>Island areas</term>
<term>Island biogeography</term>
<term>Island size</term>
<term>Isopod</term>
<term>Isopod diversity</term>
<term>Isopod diversity table</term>
<term>Isopod fauna</term>
<term>Journal compilation</term>
<term>Kalymnos</term>
<term>Kapingamarangi atoll</term>
<term>Keystone</term>
<term>Keystone structures</term>
<term>Large islands</term>
<term>Larger islands</term>
<term>Larger populations</term>
<term>Linear regressions</term>
<term>Lomolino</term>
<term>Lomolino weiser</term>
<term>Macarthur wilson</term>
<term>Minimum area</term>
<term>Minimum area requirements</term>
<term>Minimum island area</term>
<term>Mylonas</term>
<term>Other factors</term>
<term>Overall data</term>
<term>Overall ratio</term>
<term>Path analysis</term>
<term>Population size</term>
<term>Present analysis</term>
<term>Present data</term>
<term>Present work</term>
<term>Respective area</term>
<term>Ricklefs lovette</term>
<term>Rocky outcrops</term>
<term>Rocky shores</term>
<term>Sfenthourakis</term>
<term>Small island communities</term>
<term>Small island effect</term>
<term>Small islands</term>
<term>Smaller islands</term>
<term>Specialist</term>
<term>Specialist species</term>
<term>Species occurrences</term>
<term>Species richness</term>
<term>Strong correlation</term>
<term>Taxon</term>
<term>Terrestrial isopods</term>
<term>Total numbers</term>
<term>Triantis</term>
<term>Triantis mylonas</term>
<term>Upper limit</term>
<term>Upper limits</term>
<term>Weiser</term>
<term>Whitehead jones</term>
<term>Wide range</term>
<term>Wider range</term>
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<front><div type="abstract">Aim To explore the causal factors leading to a significant Small Island Effect (SIE), that is, the absence of the commonly found species–area relationships below an island size, on the terrestrial isopod communities from a large number of islands.</div>
<div type="abstract">Location Ninety islands of the Aegean Sea (Greece).</div>
<div type="abstract">Methods The detection of a significant SIE is assessed through the application of all three methods available in the literature. Species are divided into generalists and specialists. We tested if the minimum area and the area range of each species’ occurrences differ between generalists and specialists. Next, we searched for differences in the ratios of specialists to generalists above and below the SIE threshold, and tested their cumulative ratios when islands are arranged according to increasing area, altitude or habitat diversity in order to identify the threshold where they become statistically indistinguishable from the ratio of the total set of islands.</div>
<div type="abstract">Results Our results indicate a strong effect of habitat availability on the SIE. Communities of islands within the SIE range, host a higher percentage of generalists. An analysis of the specific habitat requirements shows that, for isopods, the crucial factor is the lack of habitats related to inland waters from small islands.</div>
<div type="abstract">Main conclusions The distribution of habitats on islands of different size is of major importance for the occurrence of a SIE. The relative representation of specialist and generalist species on islands of different size plays an important role in shaping SIE‐related patterns. Conservation efforts should pay special attention on freshwater habitats, especially on small Aegean islands. Identifying the causal factors of SIE, combined with a thorough knowledge of the ecological requirements of species can offer insights into identifying habitat types and groups of species that are more vulnerable to alterations of the environment.</div>
</front>
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